R2.5 2.5% RETINOL LIPOSOMAL COMPLEX

Retinol: a fat-soluble form of Vitamin A that is stable in well-formulated products and generally well-tolerated, though it is sensitive to light, temperature, and packaging. It penetrates the stratum corneum primarily through intracellular transport — moving through the intercellular cement of ceramides, sterols, phospholipids, and fatty acids — and reaches deep into the dermis. Before it reaches the dermis, it interacts with the keratinocyte in the basal layer of the epidermis. Upon entering a keratinocyte, retinol binds to intracellular receptors, initiating a cascade of cellular activity that drives skin renewal, barrier strengthening, and structural remodeling. Cell Renewal & Keratinization — Penetrates the basal layer of the epidermis and interacts with keratinocyte receptors to promote cellular proliferation, accelerate keratinization, strengthen the epidermal protective function, and reduce transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Collagen Synthesis & Anti-Aging — Stimulates fibroblasts to synthesize collagen Type I, improves skin elasticity, and protects existing collagen against degradation by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagenase — enzymes responsible for extracellular matrix breakdown. Skin Remodeling & Angiogenesis — Enhances remodeling of reticular fibers and promotes angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation) in the papillary layer of the dermis, supporting overall skin vitality and repair. Melanin Regulation & Brightening — Influences melanocyte function by promoting regular melanin distribution in the epidermis, blocking melanin transport to epidermal cells, and diminishing the activity of stimulated melanocytes — reducing hyperpigmentation and uneven skin tone. GAG Synthesis — Stimulates the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which support dermal hydration, structure, and resilience

Camellia Sinensis Leaf (Organic Green Tea) Extract Extract: Derived from the leaves of the Camellia Sinensis plant, this extract is rich in antioxidants and methylxanthines. It protects the skin from the damaging effects of free radicals and delays the aging process of the skin. Offers cell-protecting function, inhibitory action on collagenase and skin microcirculation. Protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation by acting as a free-radical scavenger, and supports the reduction of redness, irritation and inflammation of the skin.

Hyaluronic Acid (HA) is a polysaccharide and a compound that occurs naturally in every tissue of the body, with the highest concentrations occurring in tissues such as skin, cartilage and eyes. Providing protection to cell structures, HA is the natural gel between skin cells that serves as a water reservoir for the cells. As we age, skin loses hyaluronic acid and the ability to hold sufficient water in this reservoir. Feeding new hyaluronic acid to skin may help hydrate skin's inter-cellular reservoir, raising skin's moisture level, and smoothing down age lines. The benefits of HA being in the formulation are usually connected with reduction of the skin aging, reduction of the depth of lines and wrinkles (including fine lines), decrease of skin fragility, improvement of skin firmness and texture, decrease in pore size, restoration of skin brightening, and improvement of skin barrier function. •HA has an amazing capacity to retain water and stimulate fibroblast proliferation and migration. Key benefits of Hyaluronic acid in skin care: •Moisturizing and hydration •Reduce fine lines and wrinkles •Increase skin elasticity •Wound healing support •Restoring barrier function

Cucumber Essence Water: is a natural water infused with cucumber oils/extracts (Cucumis Sativus). Hydrosols, also known as "flower waters," are produced by distilling fresh leaves, fruits, and flowers. Rich in vitamins, minerals, amino acids, phytosterols, phenolic acids and fatty acids: Has skin-softening and humectant qualities.

Lecithin: a naturally derived phospholipid sourced from eggs, sunflower seeds, and most commonly soy. It is a key supportive ingredient in advanced formulations — particularly those designed to encapsulate and deliver active substances such as retinol, peptides, amino acids, and antioxidants. Lecithin is used to formulate liposomes: microscopic phospholipid spheres that self-assemble in solution due to their dual hydrophobic tail and polar head structure. These liposomes encapsulate active ingredients and facilitate deeper, more effective penetration into the skin. Beyond delivery, lecithin replenishes lost lipids, strengthens the skin barrier, and conditions the skin for a moisturized, nourished finish. Liposome-Forming & Penetration Enhancer — Forms microscopic phospholipid spheres that encapsulate and deliver active ingredients — including retinols, peptides, amino acids, and antioxidants — deeper into the skin for enhanced efficacy. Barrier Strengthening — Replenishes lost lipids, fortifies the skin's natural barrier, and supports the integrity of the skin cell membrane. Emollient & Skin Conditioning — Locks in moisture, prevents dehydration, and leaves skin moisturized, nourished, and protected. Particularly beneficial for extremely dry skin. Film-Forming Agent — Forms a protective film on the skin's surface that reduces transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and supports sustained hydration.

Jojoba Seed Oil: is derived from cold-pressed, purified jojoba seeds and is composed of approximately 98% pure waxes — primarily wax esters, with minor amounts of free fatty acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, sterols, vitamins, triglyceride esters, flavonoids, and phenols. Unlike conventional plant oils, jojoba is technically a liquid wax ester — structurally similar to the skin's own sebum — making it uniquely compatible with human skin. This structural similarity allows it to balance oil production, penetrate deeply into the follicle, and deliver a broad spectrum of emollient, antioxidant, anti-acne, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antimicrobial benefits. Emollient & Deep Hydration — Plays a major role in maintaining skin hydration, contributing to superior transpirational water control by reducing evaporation without blocking the passage of water vapor. Its high molecular weight and low viscosity smooth dry skin and inhibit excess epidermal flaking. Sebum Balancing — Structurally similar to the skin's natural sebum, it aids in regulating oil balance on the skin surface. Deep Pore Cleansing & Anti-Acne — Functions as a deep cleansing agent that dissolves sebum deposits within hair follicles, penetrating the follicle to remove comedones and clear blocked pores. Anti-Inflammatory & Soothing — Calms sensitive, irritated, and reactive skin with its anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties. Anti-Psoriasis & Keratolytic Support — Exhibits a mild keratolytic effect that helps treat excessive scaling, soothing irritated, scaly, and itchy skin associated with psoriasis. Antifungal & Antimicrobial — Provides protective antimicrobial and antifungal activity within formulations and on the skin surface. Antioxidant — Naturally occurring sterols, vitamins, flavonoids, and phenols combat oxidative stress and protect the skin from environmental damage.